Going to Is Used for Predicting an Action That You See is About to Happen We're going to stay at the Hilton in New York next week.I'm going to study Languages at university next year.Planned decisions are decisions made BEFORE the moment of speaking. She isn't going to take a vacation this year.We are going to study French next semester.Question: Formed by combining (Question Word) + to be + subject + going to + base form of verb.Negative: Formed by combining Subject + to be + not + going to + base form of verb + object(s).Positive: Formed by combining Subject + to be + going to + base form of verb + object(s).The future with 'going to' is used to speak about future intentions or plans made before the present moment. I'll help you with your homework after class.That's difficult! I'll help you with the problem.Spontaneous decisions are decisions made AT the moment of speaking. Question: Formed by combining (Question Word) + will + subject + base form of verb.Negative: Formed by combining Subject + will + not + base form of verb + object(s).Positive: Formed by combining Subject + will + base form of verb + object(s).Notice that 'will' or 'won't' is used for ALL subjects. Here are examples of how and when to use each of these future forms. In English, the future can be expressed with either the word 'will' or the phrase 'going to'. Can is often used in spoken English, however. 'May' is used formally and politely to ask for permission. It is also used when asking for suggestions. ' Should' is used when asking for or giving advice. Note that all subjects take the same form of the modal.įormed by combining Subject + Modal + Base Form of Verb + Objectsįormed by combining Subject + Modal + Not + Base Form of Verb + Objectsįormed by combining Modal + Subject + Base Form of Verb + Objects Modals are verbs that modify other verbs. You are welcome to invite your husbands.The possessive adjective modifies the noun following it in order to show possession. Possessive adjectives - my, your, his, her, its, our, your, theirĪre often confused with possessive pronouns.
Those are beautiful flowers in the next field.'that' and 'those' refer to things that are farther away. 'this' and 'these' refer to something that is near. Look over there, those seats are yours.The teacher asked you to finish your homework.They visited her when they came to New York.You went to Paris last year, didn't you?.We are studying pronouns at the moment.Here are explanations and examples of each. There are four types of pronouns: Subject Pronouns, Object Pronouns, Possessive Pronouns, and Demonstrative Pronouns. My country borders on the Pacific Ocean.ĭO NOT use an article when you are speaking about things in generalĭO NOT use an article when you are speaking about meals, places, and transport.Use an article with bodies of water, oceans and seas. They live in northern British Columbia.He lives in Washington near Mount Rainier.The restaurant was very good.ĭO NOT use an article with countries, states, counties or provinces, lakes and mountains except when the country is a collection of states such as "The United States". The house is quite old and has four bedrooms. The first time you speak of something use "a or an", the next time you repeat that object use "the". The = definite article (a specific object that both the person speaking and the listener know) Example: Do you know anything about that boy? - She doesn't have anywhere to go.Ī = indefinite article (not a specific object, one of a number of the same objects) with consonantsĪn = indefinite article (not a specific object, one of a number of the same objects) with vowels (a,e,i,o,u) Use "any" words-anybody, anyone, anywhere and anything-in negative sentences or questions.Use "some" words-somebody, someone, somewhere and something-in positive sentences.Example: Would you like some bread? (offer) - Could I have some water? (request) Use "some" in questions when offering or requesting something that is there.Example: Do you have any cheese? - He doesn't have any friends in Chicago. We use any for both countable and uncountable nouns. Use "any" in negative sentences or questions.We use some for both countable and uncountable nouns. Here are some examples followed by the rules: Do you have any salt? There are some chairs in that room.
Some and any are used with singular and plural verb forms. Some and any are used with both countable and uncountable nouns to ask about, confirm and respond negatively about an indefinite amount.
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